Magnetic Vortex Reveals Key to Spintronic Speed Limit

UPTON, NY — The evolution of digital electronics is a story of miniaturization – each generation of circuitry requires less space and energy to perform the same tasks. But even as high-speed processors move into handheld smart phones, current data storage technology has a functional limit: magnetically stored digital information becomes unstable when too tightly packed. The answer to maintaining the breath-taking pace of our ongoing computer revolution may be the denser, faster, and smarter technology of spintronics.

Spintronic devices use electron spin, a subtle quantum characteristic, to write and read information. But to mobilize this emerging technology, scientists must understand exactly how to manipulate spin as a reliable carrier of computer code. Now, scientists at the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have precisely measured a key parameter of electron interactions called non-adiabatic spin torque that is essential to the future development of spintronic devices... Read more

Unprecedented Subatomic Details of Exotic Ferroelectric Nanomaterials

As scientists learn to manipulate little-understood nanoscale materials, they are laying the foundation for a future of more compact, efficient, and innovative devices. In research to be published online July 8 in the journal Nature Materials, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and other collaborating institutions describe one such advance — a technique revealing unprecedented details about the atomic structure and behavior of exotic ferroelectric materials, which are uniquely equipped to store digital information. This research could guide the scaling up of these exciting materials and usher in a new generation of advanced electronics.

Brookhaven scientists used a technique called electron holography to capture images of the electric fields created by the materials’ atomic displacement with picometer precision — that’s the trillionths-of-a-meter scale crucial to understanding these promising nanoparticles... Link

2012

1. Akey, A.J., Lu, C., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., and Herman, I.P., “Anomalous photoluminescence Stokes shift in CdSe nanoparticle and carbon nanotube hybrids”, Phys. Rev. B 85, 045404 (2012).

2. Bo, S-H., Wang, F.,  Janssen, Y., Zeng, D.L., Nam, K-W.,  Xu, W.Q.,  Du, L-S.,  Stephens, P., Graetz, J., Yang, X-Q.,  Zhu, Y., Parise, J., Grey, C.,  and Khalifah, P., “Degradation and (De)lithiation Processes in the High Capacity Battery Material LiFeBO3”, J. Chem. Mater,  22 8799 (2012).

3. Chen, H., Hautier, G., Jain, A., Moore, C., Kang, B., Doe, R., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., Tang, Y., and Ceder, G., "Carbonophosphates: A New Family of Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries Identified Computationally", Chem. Mater., 24, 2009-2016 (2012).

4. Chen, W.F., Sasaki, K., Ma, C., Frenkel, A.I., Marinkovic, N., Muckerman, J.T., Zhu, Y., and Adzic, R.R., “Hydrogen-Evolution Catalysts Based on Non-Nobel Metal Nickel-Molybdenum Nitride Nanosheets”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 51 6131 (2012).

5. Ji H.; Allred J. M.; Ni N.; Tao J.; Neupane M.; Wray A.; Xu S.; Hasan M. Z.; and Cava R. J., “Bulk intergrowth of a topological insulator with a room-temperature ferromagnet”, Phys. Rev. B 85, 165315 (2012)

6. Nam, K.-W., Bak, S.-M., Hu, E., Yu, X., Zhou, Y., Wang, X., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., Chung, K.-Y., Yang, X.-Q., "Combining In Situ Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction and Absorption Techniques with Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study the Origin of Thermal Instability in Overcharged Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries", Adv. Funct. Mater. (2012).

7. Polking, M. J.,  Han, M.-G., Yourdkhani, A.,  Petkov, V., Kisielowski, C. F.,  Volkov, V.V.,  Zhu, Y., Caruntu, G., Alivisatos, A. P., and Ramesh, R.,“Ferroelectric order in individual nanometer-scale crystals”, Nature Materials, 11 700-709 (2012).

8. Pollard, S. D., Huang, L., Buchanan, K.S., Arena, D.A., Zhu, Y., “Direct Dynamic Imaging of Non-Adiabatic Spin Torque Effects”, Nature Communications, in press (2012).

9. Pollard, S.D., Volkov, V.V., and Zhu, Y., “Propagation of magnetic charge monopoles and Dirac flux strings in an artificial spin-ice lattice “, Phys. Rev. B (Rapid Comm. as Editors’ suggestions), 85, 180402(R) (2012).

10. Saucke, G., Norpoth, J., Jooss, Ch., Su, D., and Zhu, Y., “Polaron absorption for photovoltaic energy conversion in a manganite-titanate pn heterojunction”, Phys., Rev., B 85, 165315 (2012).

11. Tao J. “Nanoclusters in Magnetoresistance”, Nanotechnology Reviews, invited review article, in press.

12. Wu, L., Egerton, R.F., and Zhu, Y., “Image simulation for atomic resolution secondary electron image”, Ultramicroscopy, in press.

13. Xin, X., Zhou, X.F., Wang, F., Yao, X.Y., Xu, X.X., Zhu, Y., and Liu, Z.P., “A 3D Porous Architecture of Si/Graphene Nanocomposite as High-Performance Anode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries”, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 7724-7730 (2012).

14. Xu, Z., Hine, C.R., Maye, M.M., Meng, Q.P., and Cotlet, M., “Shell Thickness Dependent Photoinduced Hole Transfer in Hybrid Conjugated Polymer/Quantum Dot Nanocomposites: From Ensemble to Single Hybrid Level”, ACS Nano, 6 4984–4992 (2012).

15. Zeng, J., Zhu, C., Tao, J., Jin, M., Zhang, H., Li, Z.-Y., Zhu, Y., and Xia, Y., "Controlling nucleation and growth of silver on palladium nanocubes by manipulating the reaction kinetics" Angew. Chemie Int. Ed., 51, 2354-2358 (2012)

16. Zhang, Yu., Ma, C., Zhu, Y., Si, R., Cai, Y., Wang, J.X., Adzic, R.R., “Hollow core supported Pt monolayer catalysts for oxygen reduction”, Catalysis Today (in press).

17. Zhu, Y., Milas, M., Rameau, J., and Sfeir, M., "The Multimodal Optical Nanoprobe for Advanced Electron Microscopy", invited article, Microscopy Today, in press, 2012

18. Zhu, Y., and Wu, L., "Shadow Imaging for Charge Distribution Analysis", Book Chapter in “Electron Crystallography Meets Powder Diffraction”, U. Kolb, K. Shankland, L. Meshi, A. Avilov, and W. David Eds., Springer, in press.

2011

1. Akey, A.J., Lu, C., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., and Herman, I.P., “Anomalous photoluminescence Stokes shift in CdSe nanoparticle and carbon nanotube hybrids”, Phys. Rev. B 85, 045404 (2012)

2. Bo, S-H., Wang, F., Janssen, Y., Zeng, D., Nam, K.-W., Xu, W., Du, L.-S., Graetz, J., Yang, X.Q., Zhu, Y., Parise, J., Grey, C., and Khalifah, P., J. Mater. Chem., DOI: 10.1039/c2jm16436a (2012).

3. Chen, H., Wu, L., Zhang, L., Zhu, Y., Grey, C.P., "LiCoO2 Concaved Cuboctahedrons from symmetry -controlled topological reactions", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 262-270.

4. Y. Cai, C. Ma, Y. Zhu, J. X. Wang, and R.R. Adzic "Low-Coordination Sites in Oxygen-Reduction Electrocatalysis: Their Roles and Methods for Removal", Langmuir 2011, 27, 8540-8547

5. Ciston,J., Si, R., Rodriguez, J.A., Hanson, J.C., Martínez-Arias,A., Fernandez-García,M., and Zhu, Y., “Morphological and Structural Changes during the Reduction and Reoxidation of CuO/CeO2 and Ce1 xCuxO2 Nanocatalysts: In Situ Studies with Environmental TEM, XRD, and XAS”, J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 13851–13859

6. Inada, H., Su, D., Egerton, R.F., Konno, M., Wu, L., Ciston, J., Wall, J., and Zhu, Y., "Atomic Imaging Using Secondary Electrons in a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope : Experimental Observations and Possible Mechanisms", invited articles for the special issue in honor of John Spence, Ultramicroscopy 111 (2011) 865-876.

7. Jang, H. W.; Felker, D. A.; Wang, Y.; Niranjan, M. K.; Zhang, Y.; Nelson, C. T.; Su, D.; Folkman, C. M.; Bark, C. W.; Baek, S. H.; Lee, S.; Janicka, K.; Zhu, Y.; Pan, X. Q.; Fong, D.; M. S. Rzchowski, C. B. E., "Strongly-correlated two-dimensional electron gas at oxide interfaces", Science, 2011, 331, 886-889.

8. M. Jiang, B. Lim, J. Tao, Pedro H. C. Camargo, C. Ma, Y. Zhu and Y. Xia; "Epitaxial overgrowth of platinum on palladium nanocrystals", Nanoscale, 2, 2406-2411 (2010).

9. Q. Meng, D. O. Welch, and Y. Zhu "Oxygen reordering near room temperature in YBa2Cu3O6+x: A thermodynamic model", Phys. Rev. B 83, 144106 1-6 (2011).

10. Meng, Y.-S., McGilvray, T., Yang, M.-C., Gostovic, D., Wang, F., Zeng, D., Zhu, Y., and Graetz, J., "In Situ Analytical Electron Microscopy for Probing Nanoscale Electrochemistry", Interface, The Electrochemical Society, 20, 49-53, 2011

11. Ofan, A., Gaathon, O., Zhang, L., Evans-Lutterodt, K., Bakhru, S., Bakhru, H., Zhu, Y., Welch, D., Osgood, Jr. R.M., "Twinning and dislocation pileups in heavily implanted LiNbO3", Phys. Rev. B, 83, 064104 1-8 (2011).

12. Raabe, S., Mierwaldt, D., Ciston, J., Uijttewaal, M., Stein,H., Hoffmann, J., Zhu, Y., Blöchl, P., and Jooss, Ch., “In-situ electrochemical electron microscopy study of oxygen evolution activity of doped manganite perovskites", Advanced Functional Materials, Accepted

13. G. Saucke, J. Norpoth, D. Su, Y. Zhu and Ch. Jooss, “Polaron absorption for photovoltaic energy conversion in a manganite-titanate pn-heterojunction”, Phys. Rev. B, accepted.

14. Smadici, S., Lee, J.C.T., Morales, J., Logvenov, G., Pelleg, O., Bozovic, I., Zhu, Y., and Abbamonte, P., "Graded orbital occupation near interfaces in a La2NiO4-La2CuO4 superlattice", Phys. Rev. B 84, 155411 1-10 (2011).

15. Sutter, E., Albrecht, P., Wang, B., Bocquet, M.-L., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., and Sutter, P., "Monodisperse Ru nanocluster arrays templated by monolayer graphene on Ru", Surface Science, 605 1676-1684 (2011).

16. Tao, J., Niebieskikwiat, D., Jie, Q., Schofield, M.A., Wu, L.,, Li, Q., and Zhu, Y., “Role of structurally and magnetically modified nanoclusters in colossal magnetoresistance”, PNAS 108 20941–20946 (2011).

17. Tan, Z., Patel, V., Likharev, K. K., Su, D., and Zhu, Y., "Experimental study of resistive bistability in metal oxide junctions", Appl. Phys. A (2011) 103, 293-300.

18. Valset, K., Taftø, J., Wu, L., and Zhu, Y., “Anharmonic thermal motion of atoms in thermoelectric Mg2Si studied via convergent-beam electron diffraction”, Phys. Rev. B 84, 220301(R) (2011)

19. Wang, J.X., Ma, C., Choi, Y.-M., Su, D., Zhu, Y., Liu, P., Si, R., Vukmirovic, M.B., Zhang, Y., and Adzic, R.R., “ Kirkendall Effect and Lattice Contraction in Nanocatalysts: A New Strategy to Enhance Sustainable Activity”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 13551–13557 (2011).

20. Wang, F., Graetz, J., Moreno, M.S., Ma, C., Wu, L., Volkov, V.V., and Zhu, Y., "?Chemical Distribution and Bonding State of Lithium in Intercalated Graphite: Identification with Optimized Electron Energy-loss Spectroscopy", ACS Nano, 5 1190-1197 (2011)

21. Wang, F., Robert, R., Chernova, N. A., Pereira, N., Omenya, F., Badway, F., Hua, Ruotolo, X., M., Zhang, R., Wu, L., Volkov, V., Su, D., Key, B., Whittingham, M. S., Grey, C. P., Amatucci, G. G., Zhu, Y., and Graetz, J., "Conversion Reaction Mechanisms in Lithium Ion Batteries: Study of the Binary Metal Fluoride Electrodes", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 18828–18836.

22. Wu, L., Nam, K.-W., Wang, X., Zhou, Y., Zheng, J.-C., Yang, X.Q., and Zhu, Y., "Structural Origin of Overcharge-Induced Thermal Instability of Ni-Containing Layered-Cathodes for High-Energy-Density Lithium Batteries", Chem. Mater., 23, 3953-3960 (2011).

23. Xin, X., Zhou, X., Wang, F., Yao, X., Xu, X., Zhu, Y., and Liu, Z., “A 3D porous architecture of Si/graphene nanocomposite as high-performance anode materials for Li-ion batteries”, J. Mater. Chem. DOI: 10.1039/c2jm00120a

24. Zeng, J.; Tao, J.; Li, W.; Grant, J.; Zhu, Y. and Xia, Y., "A mechanistic study on the formation of silver nanoplates in the presence of silver seeds and citric acid or citrate ions", Chem. Asian J. 2011, 6, 376 - 379.

25. Zeng J., Tao J., Su D., Zhu Y., Qing. D., and Xia Y., "Selective Sulfuration at the Corner Sites of a Silver Nanocrystal and Its Use in Stabilization of the Shape", Nano Lett. 11, 3010-3015 (2011).

26. Zeng, J., Zhu, C., Tao, J., Jin, M., Zhang, H., Li, Z-Y., Zhu, Y., and Xia, Y., “Controlling the Nucleation and Growth of Silver on Palladium Nanocubes by Manipulating the Reaction Kinetics”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 51, 2354 –2358 (2012).

27. Zheng , Y., Tao, J., Liu, H., Zeng, J., Yu, T., Ma, Y., Moran, C., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., Liu, J., and Xia, Y., "Facile Synthesis of Gold Nanorice Enclosed by High-Index Facets and Its Application for CO Oxidation", Small, 7 2307-2312 (2011).

28. Zhou, H., Wang, H.-Q., Wu, L., Zhang, L., Kisslinger, K., Zhu, Y., Chen, X., Zhan, H., and Kang, J., "Wurtzite ZnO (001) films grown on cubic MgO (001) with bulk-like opto-electronic properties", Appl. Phys. Let., 99, 141917 (2011).

29. Zhou, X., Wang, F., Zhu, Y., and Liu, Z., J. of Mater. Chem. "Graphene modified LiFePO4 cathode materials for high power lithium ion batteries", J. Mater. Chem., 21, 3353-3358 (2011).

30. Zhu, Y., and Inada, H., "Scanning Electron Microscopy", Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, Springer, 2011

31. Zhu, Y., Milas, M., Rameau , J., and Sfeir, M., “The Multimodal Optical Nanoprobe for Advanced Electron Microscopy”, invited article, Microscopy Today, in press, 2012

32. Su D., Meng, Q., Vaz, C. A. F., Han, M.-G., Segal, Y., Walker, F.red J., Sawicki, M., Broadbridge, Ch., Ahn, C. H., “Origin of 90 degrees domain wall pinning in Pb(Zr(0.2)Ti(0.8))O(3) heteroepitaxial thin films”,  Appl. Phys. Lett., 99, 102902(2011).

33. Zhouguang Lu, Hailong Chen, Rosa Robert, Ben Y. X. Zhu, Jianqiu Deng, Lijun Wu, C. Y. Chung, and Clare P. Grey, “Citric Acid- and Ammonium-Mediated Morphological Transformations of Olivine LiFePO4 Particles”, Chem. Mater., 23, 2848–2859 (2011).

34. Xiao-Jian Wang, Hai-Yan Chen, Xiqian Yu, Lijun Wu, Kyung-Wan Nam, Jianming Bai, Hong Li, Xuejie Huang and Xiao-Qing Yang, “A new in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique to study the chemical delithiation of LiFePO4”, Chem. Commun., 47, 7170–7172 (2011).

35. Juan Zhou, Qing Jie, Lijun Wu, Ivo Dimitrov, and Qiang Li, Xun Shi, “Nanostructures and defects in nonequilibrium-synthesized filled skutterudite CeFe4Sb12”, J. Mater. Res., 26, No. 15, (2011).

36. J.Q. He, V.V. Volkov, T. Asaka, S. Chaudhuri, R.C. Budhani and Y. Zhu, “Competing two-phase coexistence in doped manganites: Direct observations by in situ Lorentz electron microscopy”, Physical Review B, 82, 224404 (2010). 

BNL Wins Two R&D 100 Awards for Imaging Devices

UPTON, NY — The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory has won two R&D 100 Awards for developing imaging tools that will help researchers study materials ranging from seventeenth-century paintings to photovoltaics. The new devices promise to unlock scientific secrets with greater depth and coverage...link

Engineering Atomic Interfaces for New Electronics

At Brookhaven National Laboratory’s Center for Functional Nanomaterials and the Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, scientists Yimei Zhu and Dong Su simultaneously examined the crystal structure and electron structure of the interfaces in an atom-by-atom fashion based on ultra-high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy. These studies helped the multi-institutional team discover that the addition of a single layer of atoms at an oxide interface can drastically alter the conductivity of the material, from highly conductive to completely insulating, depending on the element used. In particular, Brookhaven scientists played a key role in revealing the origin of an electron “gas” that forms at the interface...

http://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/pr/PR_display.asp?prID=1237

2010

1. Chen, H., Wu, L., Zhang, L., Zhu, Y., Grey, C.P., “LiCoO2 Concaved Cuboctahedrons from symmetry -controlled topological reactions”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., in press.

2. Ferrari, L., Matteucci, G., Schofield, M.A., Beleggia, M., and Zhu, Y., “Near-Curie magnetic anomaly at the Ni/C interface observed by electron holography”, J. of Mag. Mag. Mater., 322 858–865 (2010).

3. Han, M.-G., Zhu, Y., Sasaki, K., Kato, T., Fisher, C.A.J., Hirayama, T., “Direct measurement of electron beam induced currents in p-type silicon”, Solid-State Electronics 54 777–780 (2010).

4. Han, W., Su, D., Murphy, M., Ward, M., Sham, T.K., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., Hu, Y., and Aoki, T., “ Microstructure and electronic behavior of PtPd@Pt core/shell nanowires”, J. of Materials Research 25, 711 (2010).

5. He, J. Q.; Volkov V. V.; Beleggia M.; Asaka T.; Tao J.; Schofield M. A.; Zhu Y., “Ferromagnetic domain structures and spin configurations measured in doped manganites”, Phys. Rev. B 81, 094427 (2010).

6. He, J.Q., Sootsman, J.R., Joseph, R., Girard, S.N., Zheng, J.C., Wen, .JG., Zhu, Y., Kanatzidis, M.G., Mercouri, G., Dravid, V.P., “On the Origin of Increased Phonon Scattering in Nanostructured PbTe Based Thermoelectric Materials”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132 8669-8675 (2010).

7. He, J.Q., Volkov, V. V., Asaka, T., Chaudhuri, S., Budhani, R. C., and Zhu, “Competing two-phase coexistence in doped manganite: direct observations by Lorentz electron microscopy”, Phys. Rev. B 82 224404 (2010).

8. Huang, L., Schofield, M.A., and Zhu, Y., “Control of Double-Vortex Domain Configurations in a Shape-Engineered Trilayer Nanomagnet System”, Adv. Mater., 22, 492–495 (2010).

9. Inada, H., Su, D., Egerton, R.F., Konno, M., Wu, L., Ciston, J., Wall, J., and Zhu, Y., “Atomic Imaging Using Secondary Electrons in a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope : Experimental Observations and Possible Mechanisms”, invited articles for the special issue in honor of John Spence, Ultramicroscopy, in press.

10. Jang, H. W.; Felker, D. A.; Wang, Y.; Niranjan, M. K.; Zhang, Y.; Nelson, C. T.; Su, D.; Folkman, C. M.; Bark, C. W.; Baek, S. H.; Lee, S.; Janicka, K.; Zhu, Y.; Pan, X. Q.; Fong, D.; M. S. Rzchowski, C. B. E., “Strongly-correlated two-dimensional electron gas at oxide interfaces”, Science, 2011, in press.

11. Jiang, M., Lim, B., Tao, J., Camargo, P. H. C., Ma, C.. Zhu, Y., and Xia, Y., “Controlling the nucleation and growth modes of Pt in seed-mediated syntheses of Pd-Pt bimetallic nanocrystals”, Nanoscale, Advance Article DOI:10.1039/C0NR00324G (Paper) (2010).

12. Kolpak, A.M., Walker, F. J.; Reiner, J. W., Segal, Y., Su, D., Sawicki, M. S., Broadbridge, C. C., Zhang, Z., Zhu, Y., Ahn, C. H., and Ismail-Beigi, S., “Interface-induced polarization and inhibition of ferroelectricity in epitaxial SrTiO3/Si”, Phys. Rev. Lett, 105, 217601 (2010).

13. Lau, J.W, Morrow, Read, J.C., Hoink, V., Egelhoff, W.F., Huang, L., Zhu, Y., “In situ tunneling measurements in a transmission electron microscope on nanomagnetic tunnel junctions”, Appl. Phys. Lett., 96 262508 (2010).

14. Morosan E.; Wagner K. E.; Zhao Liang L.; Hor Y.; Williams A. J.; Tao J.; Zhu Y.; and Cava R. J., “Multiple electronic transitions and superconductivity in PdxTiSe2”, Phys. Rev. B 81, 094524 (2010), highlighted as an Editor’s suggestion.

15. Ngai, J. H., Segal, Y., Su, D., Zhu, Y., Walker, F.J., Ismail-Beigi, S., Le Hur, K., and Ahn1, C.H., “Electric field tuned crossover from classical to weakly localized quantum transport in electron doped SrTiO3”, Phys. Rev. B 81, 241307 (R) (2010).

16. Ofan, A., Zhang, L., Gaathon, O., Bakhru, S., Bakhru, H., Zhu, Y., Welch, D.O., and Osgood, Jr. R.M., “Spherical solid He nanometer bubbles in an anisotropic complex oxide”, Phys. Rev. B 82, 104113 (2010).

17. Ofan, A., Gaathon, O., Zhang, L., Evans-Lutterodt, K., Bakhru, S., Bakhru, H., Zhu, Y., Welch, D., Osgood, Jr. R.M., “Twinning and dislocation pileups in heavily implanted LiNbO₃”, Phys. Rev. B, in press.

18. Pan, Z., Tao, J., Zhu, Y., Huang, J.-H., and Paranthaman, M.P., “Spontaneous Growth of ZnCO3 Nanowires on ZnO Nanostructures in Normal Ambient Environment: Unstable ZnO Nanostructures”, Chem. Mater., 22, 149–154 (2010).

19. Si,W., Jie, Q., Wu, L., Zhou, J., Gu, G., Johnson, P.D., and Li, Q., “Superconductivity in epitaxial thin films of Fe1.08Te:Ox”, Phys. Rev. B 81, 092506 (2010).

20. Solovyov, V.F., Develos-Bagarinao, K., Si, W.D., Wu, L., Zhou, J., Qing, J., and Li, Q., “High irreversibility field of YBa2Cu3O7 films intercalated with a long-period metastable cuprate phase”, J. Appl. Phys., in press.

21. Su, D., Yang, B., Jiang, N., Sawicki, M., Broadbridge, C., Couillard, M., Reiner, J.W., Walker, F.J., Ahn, C.H., and Zhu, Y., “Valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy of ultrathin SrTiO3 films grown on silicon (100) single crystal”, Appl. Phys., Lett., 96, 121914 (2010).

22. Su, D., and Zhu, Y., “Scanning moire´ fringe imaging by scanning transmission electron microscopy”, Ultramicroscopy 110 229–233 (2010).

23. Sutter, E., Albrecht, P., Wang, B., Bocquet, M.-L., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., and Sutter, P., “Monodisperse Ru nanocluster arrays templated by monolayer graphene on Ru”, Surface Science, in press.

24. Tan, Z., Patel, V., Likharev, K.K., Su, D., and Zhu, Y., “Experimental study of resistive bistability in metal oxide junctions”, Appl.Phys. A, DOI 10.1007/s00339-010-6079-0 Oct. (2010)

25. Wang, H., Altman, E., Broadbridge, C., Zhu, Y., and Henrich, V., “Determination of electronic structure of oxide-oxide interfaces by photoemission spectroscopy”, Materials views article, Adv. Mater., 22, 2950–2956 (2010).

26. Wang, J.X., Inada, H., Wu, L., Zhu, Y., Choi, Y.-M., Liu, P., Zhou, W.-P., and Adzic, R.R., “Oxygen Reduction on Well-Defined Core-Shell Nanocatalysts: Particle Size, Facet, and Pt Shell Thickness Effects”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 17298–17302 (2009).

27. Wang, F., Graetz, J., Moreno, M.S., Ma, C., Wu, L., Volkov, V.V., and Zhu, Y., “Chemical Distribution and Bonding State of Lithium in Intercalated Graphite: Identification with Optimized Electron Energy-loss Spectroscopy”, ACS Nano, 5, 1190-1197 (2011).

28. Zeng, J.; Tao, J.; Li, W.; Grant, J.; Zhu, Y. and Xia, Y., “A mechanistic study on the formation of silver nanoplates in the presence of silver seeds and citric acid or citrate ions”, Chemistry: An Asian Journal, in press.

29. Zeng, J., Zheng, Y., Rycenga, M., Tao, J., Li, Z.-Y., Zhang, Q., Zhu, Y., and Xia, Y., “Controlling the Shapes of Silver Nanocrystals with Different Capping Agents”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132, 8552–8553 (2010).

30. Zhang, Y., Chen, H., Choi, G., Raghothamachar, B., Dudley, M., Edgar, J.,Grasza, K., Tymicki, E., Zhang, L., Su, D., and Zhu, Y., “Nucleation Mechanism of 6H-SiC Polytype Inclusions Inside 15R-SiC Crystals”, J. Electronic Materials, 39 799-804 (2010).

31. Zheng, J.C., Frenkel, A.I., Wu, L., Hanson, J., Ku, W., Božin, E.S., Billinge, S. J. L., and Zhu, Y., “Nanoscale disorder and local electronic properties of CaCu3Ti4O12: An integrated study of electron, neutron, and x-ray diffraction, x-ray absorption fine structure, and first-principles calculations”, Phys. Rev., B 81, 144203 (2010).

32. Zhou, W.P., Sasaki, K., Su, D., Zhu, Y., Wang, J.X., and Adzic, R.R., “Gram-Scale-Synthesized Pd2Co-Supported Pt Monolayer Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction”, J. Phys. Chem. C 114, 8950–8957 (2010).

33. Zhou, X., Wang, F., Zhu, Y., and Liu, Z., J. of Mater. Chem. “Graphene modified LiFePO₄ cathode materials for high power lithium ion batteries”, in press.